So, after we have done logical schematic diagram with footprints attached we can now just start drawing on the PCB using our softwares Physical layout editor or a board designer, here what we draw initially is on the top surface of the PCB.
Ok so as I have said surface and we are into physical view
now so lets describe how physically the PCB is prepared in the real world in
fabrication centre. So, in fabrication centre they start with something called
a copper sandwich, which is copper layers on either side with a dielectric
material between them, the dielectric material is what the whole PCB gets
support on and the top and bottom sides are copper so all the electrical
diagrams and contacts and contact pads and via are done on them using first
marking with help of UV and then etching.
So, first the raw material as described is taken and then
the diagrams from the customer are taken and transferred on the copper layers
as per given formats. Now for this transfer there is no specific PCB design
file, but as we might have heard of we have something called as GERBER files
which are files which are generated from the PCB design software and have all
the information about how the board drawings would be and how the silkscreen
that is all the writings and diagrams would be and how the copper pads will be
exposed after the solder mask and a NCDRILL file which tells where the
mechanical boundaries are and how the holes are to be drilled.
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